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In chemistry, chemical stability is the thermodynamic stability of a chemical system, in particular a chemical compound or a polymer. [1]Chemical stability may also refer to the shelf-life of a particular chemical compound; that is the duration of time before it begins to degrade in response to environmental factors.
The simplest kind of an orbit is a fixed point, or an equilibrium. If a mechanical system is in a stable equilibrium state then a small push will result in a localized motion, for example, small oscillations as in the case of a pendulum. In a system with damping, a stable equilibrium state is moreover asymptotically stable. On the other hand ...
The unstable solution can then form another saddle-node bifurcation with the initial stable solution at a higher value of the parameter, leaving only the higher fixed solution. Thus, at values of the parameter between the two critical values, the system has two stable solutions. An example of a dynamical system that demonstrates similar features is
In simple terms, if the solutions that start out near an equilibrium point stay near forever, then is Lyapunov stable. More strongly, if x e {\displaystyle x_{e}} is Lyapunov stable and all solutions that start out near x e {\displaystyle x_{e}} converge to x e {\displaystyle x_{e}} , then x e {\displaystyle x_{e}} is said to be asymptotically ...
Increasing stability (lower free energy) is lower on the graph, so the higher free energy and higher on the graph a species of an element is, the more unstable and reactive it is. [ 2 ] The oxidation state (sometimes also called oxidation number as on the x axis of two illustrating figures on this page) of the species is shown on the x axis of ...
In chemistry, a steady state is a more general situation than dynamic equilibrium. While a dynamic equilibrium occurs when two or more reversible processes occur at the same rate, and such a system can be said to be in a steady state, a system that is in a steady state may not necessarily be in a state of dynamic equilibrium, because some of ...
Pourbaix diagram of iron. [1] The Y axis corresponds to voltage potential. In electrochemistry, and more generally in solution chemistry, a Pourbaix diagram, also known as a potential/pH diagram, E H –pH diagram or a pE/pH diagram, is a plot of possible thermodynamically stable phases (i.e., at chemical equilibrium) of an aqueous electrochemical system.
The analytical solution transforms into the approximate one when , because then and . Therefore, it is valid to apply the steady state approximation only if the second reaction is much faster than the first ( k 2 / k 1 > 10 is a common criterion), because that means that the intermediate forms slowly and reacts readily so its concentration ...