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Mosquitoes, common smaller species (about 2.5 milligrams), [53] grain of salt or sand, [54] medicines are typically expressed in milligrams [55] 10 −5 centigram (cg) 1.1 × 10 −5 kg Small granule of quartz (2 mm diameter, 11 milligrams) [56] 2 × 10 −5 kg Adult housefly (Musca domestica, 21.4 milligrams) [57] 10 −4 decigram (dg) 0.27 ...
A metric prefix is a unit prefix that precedes a basic unit of measure to indicate a multiple or submultiple of the unit. All metric prefixes used today are decadic.Each prefix has a unique symbol that is prepended to any unit symbol.
109 Gm (0.7 au) – distance between Venus and the Sun; 149.6 Gm (93.0 million mi; 1.0 au) – average distance between the Earth and the Sun – the original definition of the astronomical unit; 199 Gm (1.3 au) – diameter of Rho Persei, an asymptotic giant branch star, fusing carbon into neon in a shell surrounding an inert core. [179]
For a number written in scientific notation, this logarithmic rounding scale requires rounding up to the next power of ten when the multiplier is greater than the square root of ten (about 3.162). For example, the nearest order of magnitude for 1.7 × 10 8 is 8, whereas the nearest order of magnitude for 3.7 × 10 8 is 9.
Unit prefixes that are much larger or smaller than encountered in practice are seldom used, albeit valid combinations. In most contexts only a few, the most common, combinations are established. For example, prefixes for multiples greater than one thousand are rarely applied to the gram or metre.
For any given quantity whose unit has a name and symbol, an extended set of smaller and larger units is defined that are related by factors of powers of ten. The unit of time should be the second ; the unit of length should be either the metre or a decimal multiple of it; and the unit of mass should be the gram or a decimal multiple of it.
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The amount of substance, symbol n, of a system is a measure of the number of specified elementary entities. An elementary entity may be an atom, a molecule, an ion, an electron, any other particle or specified group of particles." [1] Atomic weight or molecular weight divided by the molar mass constant, 1 g/mol. N candela: cd luminous intensity