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Neurogenic bladder dysfunction, often called by the shortened term neurogenic bladder, refers to urinary bladder problems due to disease or injury of the central nervous system or peripheral nerves involved in the control of urination. [1] [2] There are multiple types of neurogenic bladder depending on the underlying cause and the symptoms.
Diagnostic tests typically include complete blood tests, urinalysis, urine culture, X-rays of the abdomen and chest, and bladder imaging. The definitive diagnosis of bladder cancer will require a tissue biopsy and subsequent examination of the cells under the microscope. [2]
X-ray of a single, large bladder stone in a dog with a bladder located more to the rear than is usual X-ray of bladder stones in a dog X-ray of a struvite bladder stone in a cat. Bladder stones or uroliths are a common occurrence in animals, especially in domestic animals such as dogs and cats. [1]
Feline idiopathic cystitis begins as an acute non-obstructive episode and is self-limiting in about 85% of cases, resolving itself in a week. In approximately 15% of cases, it can escalate into an obstructive episode ("blocked cat") which can be life-threatening for a male cat. [5]
Bladder cancer is relatively rare in domestic dogs and cats. In dogs, around 1% of diagnosed cancers are bladder cancer. [73] Shetland sheepdogs, beagles, and various terriers are at increased risk relative to other breeds. Signs of a bladder tumor – blood in the urine, frequent urination, or trouble urinating – are common to other canine ...
Turgidity is the point at which the cell's membrane pushes against the cell wall, which is when turgor pressure is high. When the cell has low turgor pressure, it is flaccid. In plants, this is shown as wilted anatomical structures. This is more specifically known as plasmolysis. [7] A turgid and flaccid cell
Sarcocystis is a genus of protozoan parasites, with many species infecting mammals, reptiles and birds.Its name is dervived from Greek sarx = flesh and kystis = bladder.. The lifecycle of a typical member of this genus involves two host species, a definitive host and an intermediate host.
Capillaria plica (dog bladder worm) is a parasitic nematode which is most often found in the urinary bladder, and occasionally in the kidneys, of dogs and foxes. [1] It has also been found in the domestic cat, and various wild mammals.