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Malta and parts of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain are located on the African continental plate, some considerably closer to the African mainland than the European mainland but, politically, are generally considered to be European by convention. Egypt, although extending into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, is considered an African state.
Many countries followed in the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in 1960 with the Year of Africa, which saw 17 African nations declare independence, including a large part of French West Africa. Most of the remaining countries gained independence throughout the 1960s, although some colonizers (Portugal in particular) were reluctant to relinquish ...
There were many kingdoms and empires in all regions of the continent of Africa throughout history. A kingdom is a state with a king or queen as its head. [1] An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant centre and subordinate peripheries".
Citizen and subject : contemporary Africa and the legacy of late colonialism. Kampala: Fountain Publishers. ISBN 9780852553992. OCLC 35445018. Mbembe, Achille (1992). "Provisional Notes on the Postcolony". Africa: Journal of the International African Institute. 62 (1): 3– 37. doi:10.2307/1160062. JSTOR 1160062. S2CID 145451482. Rodney, Walter ...
Africa's triple heritage, as envisioned by Mazrui and promoted in this documentary project, is a product resulting from three major influences: (1) an indigenous heritage borne out of time and climate change; (2) the heritage of eurocentric capitalism forced on Africans by European colonialism; and (3) the spread of Islam by both jihad and evangelism.
1 Africa in the context of world history Ivan Hrbek (Czech Republic) 2 The coming of Islam and the expansion of the Muslim empire: Muhammad al-Fasi (Morocco) and Ivan Hrbek (Czech Republic) 3 Stages in the development of Islam and its dissemination in Africa: 4 Islam as a social system in Africa since the seventh century
Pre-colonial Africa was made up of ethnic groups and states that embarked on migrations depending on seasons, the availability of fertile soil, and political circumstances. . Therefore, power was decentralized among several states in pre-colonial Africa (many people held some form of authority and as such power was not concentrated in a particular person or an institution).
'Explorers in Africa: To the Sources of the Nile') is a 1991 illustrated monograph on the European exploration of Africa. Written by the French Africanist and historian Anne Hugon , and published in pocket format by Éditions Gallimard as the 117th volume in their " Découvertes " collection [ 1 ] (known as "Abrams Discoveries" in the United ...