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Contents. Testicular cancer. 7.4 × 5.5-cm seminoma in a radical orchiectomy specimen. Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in the testicles, a part of the male reproductive system. [ 2 ] Symptoms may include a lump in the testicle or swelling or pain in the scrotum. [ 2 ] Treatment may result in infertility.
Relative incidences of testicular tumors, showing seminoma at bottom left. [2] A seminoma is a germ cell tumor of the testicle or, more rarely, the mediastinum or other extra-gonadal locations. It is a malignant neoplasm and is one of the most treatable and curable cancers, with a survival rate above 95% if discovered in early stages.
Testicular enlargement is an unspecific sign of various testicular diseases, and can be defined as a testicular size of more than 5 cm × 3 cm (short axis). [42] Blue balls is a condition concerning temporary fluid congestion in the testicles and prostate region, caused by prolonged sexual arousal.
Endodermal sinus tumor (EST) is a member of the germ cell tumor group of cancers. [1] It is the most common testicular tumor in children under three, [2] and is also known as infantile embryonal carcinoma. This age group has a very good prognosis. In contrast to the pure form typical of infants, adult endodermal sinus tumors are often found in ...
In the ovary, embryonal carcinoma is quite rare, amounting to approximately three percent of ovarian germ cell tumours. The median age at diagnosis is 15 years. Symptoms and signs are varied, and may include sexual precocity and abnormal (increased, reduced or absent) uterine bleeding. [1]
Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. [ 2 ][ 7 ] These contrast with benign tumors, which do not spread. [ 7 ] Possible signs and symptoms include a lump, abnormal bleeding, prolonged cough, unexplained weight loss, and a change in bowel movements. [ 1 ]
Testicular cancer metastasizes in a predictable pattern, and lymph nodes in the retroperitoneum are typically the first place it lands. [1] [2] By examining the removed lymphatic tissue, a pathologist can determine whether the disease has spread. If no malignant tissue is found, the cancer can be labeled Stage I, limited to the testicle. [3]
Malignant germ cell tumors of the mediastinum are uncommon, representing only 3 to 10% of tumors originating in the mediastinum. They are much less common than germ cell tumors arising in the testes, and account for only 1 to 5% of all germ cell neoplasms. Syndromes associated with mediastinal germ cell tumors include Hematologic Neoplasia and ...