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Strap footing. A strap footing is a component of a building's foundation. It is a type of combined footing, [ 1 ] consisting of two or more column footings connected by a concrete beam. This type of beam is called a strap beam. It is used to help distribute the weight of either heavily or eccentrically loaded column footings to adjacent footings.
Grade beam. A grade beam or grade beam footing is a component of a building's foundation. It consists of a reinforced concrete beam that transmits the load from a bearing wall into spaced foundations such as pile caps or caissons. [1] It is used in conditions where the surface soil’s load-bearing capacity is less than the anticipated design ...
The Wood–Armer method is a structural analysis method based on finite element analysis used to design the reinforcement for concrete slabs. [1] This method provides simple equations to design a concrete slab based on the output from a finite element analysis software. The method was described by engineers Randal Herbert Wood and Graham S. T ...
Stress distribution in soil is a function of the type of soil, the relative rigidity of the soil and the footing, and the depth of foundation at level of contact between footing and soil [1].The estimation of vertical stresses at any point in a soil mass due to external loading is essential to the prediction of settlements of buildings, bridges and pressure.
Bearing capacity. In geotechnical engineering, bearing capacity is the capacity of soil to support the loads applied to the ground. The bearing capacity of soil is the maximum average contact pressure between the foundation and the soil which should not produce shear failure in the soil. Ultimate bearing capacity is the theoretical maximum ...
The moment M1, M2, and M3 be positive if they cause compression in the upper part of the beam. (sagging positive) The deflection downward positive. (Downward settlement positive) Let ABC is a continuous beam with support at A,B, and C. Then moment at A,B, and C are M1, M2, and M3, respectively.
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An influence line for a given function, such as a reaction, axial force, shear force, or bending moment, is a graph that shows the variation of that function at any given point on a structure due to the application of a unit load at any point on the structure. An influence line for a function differs from a shear, axial, or bending moment ...