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That first cell phone began a fundamental technology and communications market shift to making phone calls to a person instead of to a place. [6] [19] Bell Labs had introduced the idea of cellular communications in 1947, but their first systems were limited to car phones which required roughly 30 pounds (12 kg) of equipment in the trunk. [21]
A man talks on his mobile phone while standing near a conventional telephone box, which stands empty. Enabling technology for mobile phones was first developed in the 1940s but it was not until the mid-1980s that they became widely available. By 2011, it was estimated in Britain that more calls were made using mobile phones than wired devices. [1]
Mobile phones offering only basic features are often referred to as feature phones (slang: "dumbphones"), while those with advanced computing power are known as smartphones. [1] The first handheld mobile phone was demonstrated by Martin Cooper of Motorola in New York City on 3 April 1973, using a handset weighing c. 2 kilograms (4.4 lbs). [2]
Martin Cooper, a former general manager for the systems division at Motorola, led a team that produced the DynaTAC 8000X, the first commercially available cellular phone small enough to be easily carried, and made the first phone call from it. Martin Cooper was the first person to make an analog cellular mobile phone call on a prototype in 1973.
1988: First transatlantic fiber optic cable TAT-8, carrying 40,000 circuits; 1990: analog AMPS was superseded by Digital AMPS. 1991: the GSM mobile phone network is started in Finland, with the first phone call in Tampere. [45] 1993: Telecom Relay Service available for the disabled; 1994: The IBM Simon becomes the first smartphone on the market.
The device was an immediate success at the show and Canova found himself on the front of the money section of USA Today, pictured holding the phone. It was released under the name Simon in August 1994 [ 2 ] and patented by Canova and other team members in 1995 with a priority date of 13 November 1992. [ 3 ]
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This phone supposedly had 0.5 kg weight. Kupriyanovich proposed the device to serve more customers and named it a correllator. [1] [2] [3] In 1961, Leonid Kupriyanovich presented a pocket automatic radio phone that could fit in the palm of a hand. This pocket mobile phone weighed only 70 g and had an 80 km operating distance.