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An example of Ibid. citations in use, from Justice by Michael J. Sandel.. Ibid. is an abbreviation for the Latin word ibīdem, meaning ' in the same place ', commonly used in an endnote, footnote, bibliography citation, or scholarly reference to refer to the source cited in the preceding note or list item.
The use of ibid., id., or similar abbreviations is discouraged, as they may become broken as new references are added (op. cit. is less problematic in that it should refer explicitly to a citation contained in the article; however, not all readers are familiar with the meaning of the terms). If the use of ibid is extensive, tag the article ...
Various different styles call for other alternatives, such as a reference to the author's surname and publication year, e.g. "Smith 1999". Op. cit. is contrasted with ibid., an abbreviation of the Latin adverb ibidem, meaning "in the same place; in that very place" [3] [4] which
The meaning is distinct from "unanimously"; "nem. con." simply means that nobody voted against. Thus there may have been abstentions from the vote. [citation needed] no. numero (singular), nos. (plural) "number" Used as a common abbreviation for "number" in all forms of writing. op. cit. opere citato "(in) the work cited"
Footnotes with list-defined references Shortened footnotes Citations can also be placed as external links , but these are not preferred because they are prone to link rot and usually lack the full information necessary to find the original source in cases of link rot.
Loc. cit. (Latin, short for loco citato, meaning "in the place cited") is a footnote or endnote term used to repeat the title and page number for a given work (and author). Loc. cit. is used in place of ibid. when the reference is not only to the work immediately preceding, but also refers to the same page.
The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (commonly known as the Blue Book or Harvard Citator [1]) is a style guide that prescribes the most widely used legal citation system in the United States. It is taught and used at a majority of U.S. law schools and is also used in a majority of federal courts .
Ibid. – Latin footnote or endnote term referring to the previous source; Op. cit. – Latin abbreviation; Indexing and abstracting service – Service that provides summaries and descriptions of documents; ISO 690 – ISO standard for bibliographic referencing; List of books (in Wikipedia) Metabibliography – Bibliography of bibliographies