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An automatic faucet or tap (also hands-free faucet, touchless faucet, electronic faucet, motion-sensing faucet, sensor faucet, or infrared faucet) is a faucet equipped with a proximity sensor and mechanism that opens its valve to allow water to flow in response to the presence of a user's hands in close proximity. The faucet closes its valve ...
It can be advantageous to install a water leak sensor and connect it to an automatic water stop valve which closes the water supply. In the event of visible leaks, there must also be an easily accessible manual main shut-off valve which must stop water supply to all pipes. [4]
Another emerging option for the highest level of water saving showerheads are Thermostatic Shut-off Valves (TSV). Showerheads equipped with a TSV will automatically shutoff once the desired temperature is reached, saving the hot water used while waiting for the shower water to warm.
Each fixture usually has a characteristic means of connection. Normal plumbing practice is to install a valve on each water supply line before the fixture, and this is most commonly termed a stop or "service valve". The water supply to some fixtures is cold water only (such as water closets and urinals). Most fixtures also have a hot water supply.
Also, the tortuous S-shaped path the water is forced to follow offers a significant obstruction to the flow. For high pressure domestic water systems this does not matter, but for low pressure systems where flow rate is important, such as a shower fed by a storage tank, a "stop tap" or, in engineering terms, a "gate valve" is preferred.
Thermal shut off valve or Thermally released shut off valve, protects against excessive temperature, mandatory in the gas installation of some countries; Trap primer: sometimes include other types of valves, or are valves themselves; Vacuum breaker valve: prevents the back-siphonage of contaminated water into pressurized drinkable water supplies
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