Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
"The Medieval Problem of Universals". In Zalta, Edward N. (ed.). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy on Universals; The Problem of Universals in Antiquity and the Middle Ages with an annotated bibliography; The Catholic Encyclopedia on Nominalism, Realism, and Conceptualism; The Friesian School on Universals
Medieval philosophy is the philosophy that existed through the Middle Ages, ... The problem of universals was one of the main problems engaged during that period ...
Platonic Forms were the first universals posited as such in philosophy. [7] Our term "universal" is due to the English translation of Aristotle's technical term katholou which he coined specially for the purpose of discussing the problem of universals. [8] Katholou is a contraction of the phrase kata holou, meaning "on the whole". [9]
The problem of universals is an ancient problem in metaphysics on the existence of universals. The problem arises from attempts to account for the phenomenon of similarity or attribute agreement among things. [4] For example, grass and Granny Smith apples are similar or agree in attribute, namely in having the attribute of greenness. The issue ...
Boethius' translation of the work, in Latin, became a standard medieval textbook in European scholastic universities, setting the stage for medieval philosophical-theological developments of logic and the problem of universals. Many writers, such as Boethius himself, Averroes, Peter Abelard, Duns Scotus, wrote commentaries on the book.
Plato's forms exist as universals, like the ideal form of an apple.For Aristotle, both matter and form belong to the individual thing (hylomorphism).. Aristotle's theory of universals is Aristotle's classical solution to the problem of universals, sometimes known as the hylomorphic theory of immanent realism.
[1] [2] The position maintains that universals exist both in particular objects and as concepts in the mind. [3] The "problem of universals" was an ancient problem in metaphysics about whether universals exist. For John Duns Scotus, a Franciscan philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest, universals such as "greenness" and "goodness" exist in ...
The Hindu school of Samkhya philosophy [r] introduced a metaphysical dualism with pure consciousness and matter as its fundamental categories. [160] In China, the school of Xuanxue explored metaphysical problems such as the contrast between being and non-being. [161] Boethius's theory of universals influenced many subsequent metaphysicians.