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The structural inequality of tracking in the educational system is the foundation of the inequalities instituted in other social and organizational structures. Tracking is a term in the educational vernacular that determines where students will be placed during their secondary school years.
Social change may not refer to the notion of social progress or sociocultural evolution, the philosophical idea that society moves forward by evolutionary means.It may refer to a paradigmatic change in the socio-economic structure, for instance the transition from feudalism to capitalism, or hypothetical future transition to some form of post-capitalism.
Manifest functions are the consequences that people see, observe or even expect. It is explicitly stated and understood by the participants in the relevant action. The manifest function of a rain dance, according to Merton in his 1957 Social Theory and Social Structure, is to produce rain, and this outcome is intended and desired by people participating in the ritual.
Talcott Parsons believed that this process, whereby some students were identified and labelled educational failures, "was a necessary activity which one part of the social system, education, performed for the whole". [21] Yet the structural functionalist perspective maintains that this social order, this continuity, is what most people desire.
In the structural equation models, social status in the 1970s was the main outcome variable. The main contributors to education (and first social class) were father's social class and IQ at age 11, which was also found in a Scandinavian study. [79] This effect was direct and also mediated via education and the participant's first job. [71]
Where the adaptation process cannot adjust, due to sharp shocks or immediate radical change, structural dissolution occurs and either new structures (or therefore a new system) are formed, or society dies. This model of social change has been described as a "moving equilibrium", [18] and emphasizes a desire for social order.
One's social location in a society's overall structure of social stratification affects and is affected by almost every aspect of social life and one's life chances. [8] The single best predictor of an individual's future social status is the social status into which they were born.
Schools not only provide education but also a setting for students to develop into adults, form future social status and roles, and maintain social and organizational structures of society. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Tracking is an educational term that indicates where students will be placed during their secondary school years. [3] "