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The war in Europe against the French Empire under Napoleon ensured that the British did not consider the War of 1812 against the United States as more than a sideshow. [283] Britain's blockade of French trade had worked and the Royal Navy was the world's dominant nautical power (and remained so for another century).
Shawnee Chief Black Hoof (Catecahassa) was a staunch opponent of Tecumseh's confederation and an ally of the United States in the War of 1812. The two principal adversaries in the conflict, Tecumseh and William Henry Harrison, had both been junior participants in the Battle of Fallen Timbers at the close of the Northwest Indian War in 1794.
According to Historian Andrew Lambert, the British had one main goal as a response to the invasion of the Canada, that was the prosecution of war against the United states and to defend British North America: "The British had no interest in fighting this war, and once it began, they had one clear goal: keep the United States from taking any part of Canada". [12]
On March 19, 1813, during the War of 1812 the United States was divided into 9 numbered military districts. [1] They were increased to 10 on July 2, 1814 and reduced to 9 by consolidation of the 4th and 10th Districts in January 1815. 1st Military District, 1813–15 (New Hampshire and Massachusetts, including current Maine)
The War of 1812 is less well known than 20th-century U.S. wars, but no other war had the degree of opposition by elected officials. Nevertheless, historian Donald R. Hickey has argued that "The War of 1812 was America's most unpopular war. It generated more intense opposition than any other war in the nation's history, including the war in ...
The absence of a national bank during the War of 1812 greatly hindered financial operations of the government; therefore a second Bank of the United States was created in 1816. From its inception, the Second Bank was unpopular in the newer states and territories and with less prosperous people everywhere.
Overall, Tecumseh's confederacy played a crucial role in causing the War of 1812, and in early operations in the west. In 1812, Tecumseh's warriors, as shock troops, assisted a small force of 700 British regulars and Canadian militia to force the surrender of 2,500 American soldiers, by threatening to massacre any captives of the Siege of Detroit .
1812: The War That Forged a Nation. New York: Harper Perennial. ISBN 978-0-06-053112-6. Crawford, Michael J. (ed.) (2002). The Naval War of 1812: A Documentary History, Vol. 3. Washington: United States Department of Defense. ISBN 978-0160512247; Cruikshank, Ernest (2006) [1814]. The Documentary History of the campaign upon the Niagara frontier.