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The number of Romanian-born people resident in the UK has risen from 83,168 at the time of the 2011 United Kingdom census to 557,554 at the time of the 2021 United Kingdom census. Romanians constitute the fourth largest group of immigrants in England and Wales as of 2021, only behind those from Pakistan, Poland, and India.
Romani people have been recorded in the United Kingdom since at least the early 16th century. There are estimated to be around 225,000 Romani people residing in the UK. This includes the Romanichal, Kale (Welsh Roma), Scottish Lowland Roma and a sizeable population of Roma from Central and Eastern Europe, who immigrated into the UK in the late 1990s/early 2000s and after EU expansion in 2004.
Romanichal residing in England, Scotland, and Wales are part of the Gypsy (Romani), Roma, and Traveller community. [ 2 ] Genetic, cultural and linguistic findings indicate that the Romani people can trace their origins to Northern India .
[1] [2] [3] Romani people in the UK share consciousness of themselves as a discrete ethnicity from the non-Romani population, known as Gorjas or country people in England, Scotland and Wales. [1] [5] Despite their differences, there are cultural factors which unite Travellers with Roma and Gypsies.
chav – an anti-social youth (from chavi "child") [1] [2]; cosh – a weapon, truncheon, baton (from košter "stick"); cove – British-English colloquial term meaning a person or chap (from kova "that person")
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Scottish Romani are the Romani people of Scotland. This includes Romanichal (locally also known as Border Gypsies) and Lowland Romani (Lowland Gypsies). [1]Scottish Travellers are non-Romani groups indigenous to Scotland who live or traditionally lived a nomadic lifestyle, including Scottish Highland Travellers, Scottish Lowland Travellers and Showmen (Funfair Travellers).
Angloromani or Anglo-Romani (literally "English Romani"; also known as Angloromany, Rummaness, or Pogadi Chib) is a Para-Romani dialect spoken by the Romanichal, a subgroup of the Romani people in the United Kingdom and other parts of the English-speaking world. [1]