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In L'Avenir du français aux États-Unis, Calvin Veltman and Benoît Lacroix found that since the French language has been so widely abandoned in the United States, the term "French Canadian" has taken on an ethnic rather than linguistic meaning. [50] French Canadian identities are influenced by historical events that inform regional cultures.
The dictionary Le Petit Robert, published in France, states that the adjective québécois, in addition to its territorial meaning, may refer specifically to francophone or French Canadian culture in Quebec. [18] The dictionary gives as examples cinéma québécois and littérature québécoise.
[1] According to the 2021 Canadian census, over 450 "ethnic or cultural origins" were self-reported by Canadians. [2] The country's ten largest self-reported specific ethnic or cultural origins in 2021 were Canadian [a] (accounting for 15.6 percent of the population), followed by English (14.7 percent), Irish (12.1 percent), Scottish (12.1 percent), French (11.0 percent), German (8.1 percent ...
The Métis (/ m ɛ ˈ t iː (s)/ meh-TEE(SS), French:, Canadian French: [meˈt͡sɪs], [citation needed] Michif: [mɪˈt͡ʃɪf]) are a mixed-race Indigenous people whose historical homelands include Canada's three Prairie Provinces extending into parts of Ontario, British Columbia, the Northwest Territories and the northwest United States.
The decline in Canadian ethnic origin responses in 2021 is largely due to changes in the format of the ethnic origin question in the census. Each census questionnaire between 1996 and 2016 included a list of examples of ethnic origins to enter, all with "Canadian" as the first example listed, except in 1996 when it was the fifth example.
The Conseil culturel fransaskois was established in 1974 as an organization that assists francophone cultural centres in the province. [4] The organization is responsible for popularizing the term Fransaskois to refer to the French Canadian community in Saskatchewan. [4] Fransaskois celebrate their vibrant culture regularly.
Throughout Canada's history, its culture has been influenced firstly by its indigenous cultures, and later by European culture and traditions, mostly by the British and French. [1] Over time, elements of the cultures of Canada's immigrant populations have become incorporated to form a Canadian cultural mosaic.
In Quebec, cultural identity is strong, and many French-speaking commentators speak of a Quebec culture distinct from English Canadian culture. [79] However, as a whole, Canada is a cultural mosaic: a collection of several regional, indigenous, and ethnic subcultures. [80] [81]