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Neisseria meningitidis, often referred to as the meningococcus, is a Gram-negative bacterium that can cause meningitis and other forms of meningococcal disease such as meningococcemia, a life-threatening sepsis. The bacterium is referred to as a coccus because it is round, and more specifically a diplococcus because of its tendency to form pairs.
Capsules, made of carbohydrate, form part of the outer structure of many bacterial cells including Neisseria meningitidis. Capsules play important roles in immune evasion, as they inhibit phagocytosis, as well as protecting the bacteria while outside the host. Another group of virulence factors possessed by bacteria are immunoglobulin (Ig ...
Neisseria is a large genus of bacteria that colonize the mucosal surfaces of many animals. Of the 11 species that colonize humans, only two are pathogens , N. meningitidis and N. gonorrhoeae . Neisseria species are Gram-negative bacteria included among the Pseudomonadota , a large group of Gram-negative forms.
Meningococcal disease describes infections caused by the bacterium Neisseria meningitidis (also termed meningococcus). [1] It has a high mortality rate if untreated but is vaccine-preventable. [2] While best known as a cause of meningitis, it can also result in sepsis, which is an even more damaging and dangerous condition.
Antigenic variation in bacteria is best demonstrated by species of the genus Neisseria (most notably, Neisseria meningitidis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae, the gonococcus); species of the genus Streptococcus and the Mycoplasma.
In the case of Neisseria meningitidis, the lipid A portion of the molecule has a symmetrical structure and the inner core is composed of 3-deoxy-D-manno-2-octulosonic acid (KDO) and heptose (Hep) moieties. The outer core oligosaccharide chain varies depending on the bacterial strain. [7] [22]
Skin tags are harmless, but if they keep cropping up, here are some possible reasons why.
This enzyme is secreted by Gram-negative bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Haemophilus influenzae, and Gram-positive Streptococcus pneumoniae. The action of IgA protease allows the above mentioned bacteria to adhere to mucous membranes.