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Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a medical condition that involves an accumulation of acid in the body due to a failure of the kidneys to appropriately acidify the urine. [1] In renal physiology, when blood is filtered by the kidney, the filtrate passes through the tubules of the nephron, allowing for exchange of salts, acid equivalents, and other solutes before it drains into the bladder as urine.
Proximal renal tubular acidosis (pRTA) or type 2 renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a type of RTA caused by a failure of the proximal tubular cells to reabsorb filtered bicarbonate from the urine, leading to urinary bicarbonate wasting and subsequent acidemia. The distal intercalated cells function normally, so the acidemia is less severe than ...
Hypoaldosteronism may result in high blood potassium and is the cause of 'type 4 renal tubular acidosis', sometimes referred to as hyperkalemic RTA or tubular hyperkalemia. However, the acidosis, if present, is often mild. It can also cause urinary sodium wasting, leading to volume depletion and hypotension.
renal tubular acidosis [14] Fanconi syndrome [15] nephronophthisis (genetic) [16] Hormonal. hypokalemia [17] diabetes mellitus [18] corticosteroid use [19] pheochromocytoma [20] hyperparathyroidism [21] diabetes insipidus [22] hypercalcaemia [23] hyperthyroidism [24] hypopituitarism [25] Conn's disease [26] hyperglycaemia [27] Circulation ...
The authors felt neither pituitary nor adrenal insufficiency was involved, but that direct neural control of renal proximal tubular reabsorption of sodium was disrupted. [25] In 1953, Leaf et al, demonstrated that exogenous administration of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin resulted in hyponatremia and a natriuresis dependent on water ...
Symptomatic patients typically present as middle-aged adults with renal colic, kidney stones, nephrocalcinosis and/or recurrent urinary tract infections; however, MSK also may affect children very rarely. In addition to the typical clinical phenotype of recurrent stone disease, other clinical profiles have now been recognized, that is, an ...
Fanconi syndrome or Fanconi's syndrome (English: / f ɑː n ˈ k oʊ n i /, / f æ n-/) is a syndrome of inadequate reabsorption in the proximal renal tubules [1] of the kidney.The syndrome can be caused by various underlying congenital or acquired diseases, by toxicity (for example, from toxic heavy metals), or by adverse drug reactions. [2]
Growth retardation, rachitic and osteomalacic bone disease, hypophosphatemia, and renal defects in phosphate reabsorption and vitamin D metabolism: Plasma: ↓PO 4, ↑ALP; Urine: ↑PO 4: Loop of Henle: Bartter's syndrome: NKCC2 (type 1) 15q15-21.1: AR: Polyuria, polydipsia, muscle weakness, hypovolemia, normotensive or hypotensive (all types).