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This is the definition declared in the modern International System of Units in 1960. [13] The definition of the joule as J = kg⋅m 2 ⋅s −2 has remained unchanged since 1946, but the joule as a derived unit has inherited changes in the definitions of the second (in 1960 and 1967), the metre (in 1983) and the kilogram . [14]
joule (J) Lagrangian density: joule per cubic meter (J/m 3) length: meter (m) ℓ: azimuthal quantum number: unitless magnetization: ampere per meter (A/m) moment of force often simply called moment or torque newton meter (N⋅m) mass: kilogram (kg)
The rate of mass flow per unit area. The common symbols are j, J, φ, or Φ, sometimes with subscript m to indicate mass is the flowing quantity. Its SI units are kg s−1 m−2. mass moment of inertia A property of a distribution of mass in space that measures its resistance to rotational acceleration about an axis. mass number
The table usually lists only one name and symbol that is most commonly used. The final column lists some special properties that some of the quantities have, such as their scaling behavior (i.e. whether the quantity is intensive or extensive ), their transformation properties (i.e. whether the quantity is a scalar , vector , matrix or tensor ...
Quantity Unit Remarks Name Symbol Name Symbol Definition Force: F: newton: N 1 N = 1 kg·m/s 2: Unit named after Isaac Newton: Moment of force, Torque: M, : N·m 1 N·m = 1 kg·m 2 /s 2: The unit is dimensionally equivalent to the units of energy, the joule; but the joule should not be used as an alternative for the newton metre.
Energy is defined via work, so the SI unit of energy is the same as the unit of work – the joule (J), named in honour of James Prescott Joule [1] and his experiments on the mechanical equivalent of heat. In slightly more fundamental terms, 1 joule is equal to 1 newton metre and, in terms of SI base units
The constants listed here are known values of physical constants expressed in SI units; that is, physical quantities that are generally believed to be universal in nature and thus are independent of the unit system in which they are measured.
The SI unit of power, defined as energy per unit of time, is the watt, which is a joule per second. Thus, one joule is one watt-second, and 3600 joules equal one watt-hour. The CGS energy unit is the erg and the imperial and US customary unit is the foot pound.