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General chemical structure of the organophosphate functional group. In organic chemistry, organophosphates (also known as phosphate esters, or OPEs) are a class of organophosphorus compounds with the general structure O=P(OR) 3, a central phosphate molecule with alkyl or aromatic substituents. [1]
Phosphate esters have the general structure P(=O)(OR) 3 feature P(V). Such species are of technological importance as flame retardant agents, and plasticizers. Lacking a P−C bond, these compounds are in the technical sense not organophosphorus compounds but esters of phosphoric acid. Many derivatives are found in nature, such as ...
Tris(2,4-di-tert-butylphenyl)phosphite is an organophosphorus compound with the formula [(C 4 H 9) 2 C 6 H 3 O] 3 P. This white solid is a widely used stabilizer in polymers where it functions as a secondary antioxidant.
See the general structure image of an ortho- (or mono-) phosphate ester below on the left, where any of the R groups can be a hydrogen or an organic radical. Di- and tripoly- (or tri-) phosphate esters, etc. are also possible.
Phosphoryl chloride is used on an industrial scale for the manufacture of phosphate esters (organophosphates). These have a wide range of uses, including as flame retardants (bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate, TCPP and tricresyl phosphate), plasticisers for PVC and related polymers (2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate) and hydraulic fluids. [11]
Phosphite esters may be used as reducing agents in more specialised cases. For example, triethylphosphite is known to reduce certain hydroperoxides to alcohols formed by autoxidation [7] (scheme). In this process the phosphite is converted to a phosphate ester. This reaction type is also utilized in the Wender Taxol total synthesis.
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Triethyl phosphate is an organic chemical compound with the formula (C 2 H 5) 3 PO 4 or OP(OEt) 3. It is a colorless liquid. It is a colorless liquid. It is the triester of ethanol and phosphoric acid and can be called "phosphoric acid, triethyl ester".