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City of Richmond v. J.A. Croson Co., 488 U.S. 469 (1989), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that the minority set-aside program of Richmond, Virginia, which gave preference to minority business enterprises (MBE) in the awarding of municipal contracts, was unconstitutional under the Equal Protection Clause.
Case history; Prior: 376 F. Supp. 1344 (D.D.C. 1974): Holding; An annexation reducing the relative political strength of the minority race in the enlarged city as compared with what it was before the annexation does not violate 5 of the Act as long as the postannexation system fairly recognizes, as it does in this case; the minority's political potential.
The Richmond City Council is a unicameral body consisting of nine members, each elected to represent a geographic district. The city of Richmond is located in the 13th Judicial Circuit of Virginia, and its court system consists of a circuit court and four district courts. [2] Richmond's government employs approximately 4,000 people. [3]
Richard A. Bishop, now 43, in September 2005 was found guilty of murder, attempted murder and burglary by a Wayne Superior Court 1 jury. He was later sentenced to 105 years in prison by then-Judge ...
An appeal from the Circuit Court may be taken to the Court of Appeals of Virginia in limited cases (domestic relations and certain administrative matters), but appeals of general civil judgments are directed to the exclusive appellate jurisdiction of the Virginia Supreme Court. An appeal may only be taken from a decision to which the appealing ...
On January 1, 1970, Richmond's borders expanded south by 27 sq mi (70 km 2) and its population increased by 47,000 after several years of court cases in which Chesterfield County unsuccessfully fought annexation. [52] In 1995, a multimillion-dollar flood wall was completed, protecting the city's low-lying areas from the oft-rising James River ...
Richmond Newspapers Inc. v. Virginia, 448 U.S. 555 (1980), is a United States Supreme Court case involving issues of privacy in correspondence with the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, the freedom of the press, the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution and the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
Since 1997, the court has processed civil cases the fastest of the 94 federal districts, and eighth fastest in dealing with criminal cases. [3] Courts at Richmond are located in the Spottswood W. Robinson III and Robert R. Merhige Jr. Federal Courthouse, [4] having previously been held in the historic Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse.