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Benign tumors of bone can be similar macroscopically and require a combination of a clinical history with cytogenetic, molecular, and radiologic tests for diagnosis. [23] Three common forms of benign bone tumors with are giant cell tumor of bone, osteochondroma , and enchondroma ; other forms of benign bone tumors exist but may be less prevalent.
Over 80% of these cysts are located at or below the hyoid bone. [4] Very rarely, the persistent duct can become cancerous, called thyroglossal duct carcinoma. In the case of thyroglossal duct carcinoma, the cancerous cells are ectopic thyroid tissue that has been deposited along the thyroglossal duct and will present as a papillary carcinoma. [4]
In some instances, other methods must be used to distinguish between a normal cyst and a pseudocyst. [3] This is usually accomplished with endoscopic ultrasound or with fine needle aspiration. [2] Transabdominal ultrasound can be used to identify pseudocysts, which appear on the scan as echoic structures associated with distal acoustic ...
Giant-cell tumor of the bone (GCTOB), is a relatively uncommon bone tumor. It is characterized by the presence of multinucleated giant cells (osteoclast-like cells). Malignancy in giant-cell tumor is uncommon and occurs in about 2% of all cases. However, if malignant degeneration does occur, it is likely to metastasize to the lungs.
A bone tumor is an abnormal growth of tissue in bone, traditionally classified as noncancerous (benign) or cancerous (malignant). [1] [4] Cancerous bone tumors usually originate from a cancer in another part of the body such as from lung, breast, thyroid, kidney and prostate. [1] There may be a lump, pain, or neurological signs from pressure. [1]
In general, a bone marrow biopsy is part of the "work up" for the analysis of these diseases. All specimens are examined microscopically to determine the nature of the malignancy. A number of these diseases can now be classified by cytogenetics (AML, CML) or immunophenotyping (lymphoma, myeloma, CLL) of the malignant cells. [citation needed]
A thyroglossal cyst or thyroglossal duct cyst is a fibrous cyst that forms from a persistent thyroglossal duct. Thyroglossal cysts can be defined as an irregular neck mass or a lump which develops from cells and tissues left over after the formation of the thyroid gland during developmental stages.
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a non-cancerous bone tumor composed of multiple varying sizes of spaces in a bone which are filled with blood. [1] [4] The term is a misnomer, as the lesion is neither an aneurysm nor a cyst. [5] It generally presents with pain and swelling in the affected bone. [1]