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Slip ratio is a means of calculating and expressing the slipping behavior of the wheel of an automobile.It is of fundamental importance in the field of vehicle dynamics, as it allows to understand the relationship between the deformation of the tire and the longitudinal forces (i.e. the forces responsible for forward acceleration and braking) acting upon it.
The type of brake system in use only affects trucks and large mass vehicles, which cannot supply enough force to match the static frictional force. [1] [Note 2] The braking distance is one of two principal components of the total stopping distance. The other component is the reaction distance, which is the product of the speed and the ...
Brake force, also known as brake power, is a measure of force applied by the brakes of a vehicle in order to decelerate it. It is one of the main components in determining a vehicle's stopping distance.
The brake balance or brake bias of a vehicle is the distribution of brake force at the front and rear tires, and may be given as the percentage distributed to the front brakes (e.g. 52%) [1] or as the ratio of front and rear percentages (e.g. 52/48). [2] The braking balance affects the driving characteristics in terms of how fast the vehicle ...
Front flat tire. Braking a wheel with a flat tire can cause the tire to come off the rim which greatly reduces friction and, in the case of a front wheel, result in a loss of balance. [93] To deliberately induce a rear wheel skid to induce oversteer and achieve a smaller turn radius on tight turns. Front brake failure. [93] Recumbent bicycles.
Traction (mechanics) Traction, traction force or tractive force is a force used to generate motion between a body and a tangential surface, through the use of either dry friction or shear force. [1][2][3][4] It has important applications in vehicles, as in tractive effort. Traction can also refer to the maximum tractive force between a body and ...
Hans B. Pacejka. Hans Bastiaan Pacejka (12 September 1934 – 17 September 2017) [1] was an expert in vehicle system dynamics and particularly in tire dynamics, fields in which his works are now standard references. [2][3] He was Professor emeritus at Delft University of Technology in Delft, Netherlands. [4]
Circle of forces. The circle of forces, traction circle, friction circle, [1] or friction ellipse[2][3][4] is a useful way to think about the dynamic interaction between a vehicle's tire and the road surface. The diagram below shows the tire from above, so that the road surface lies in the xy - plane. The vehicle to which the tire is attached ...