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This is a list of welding processes, separated into their respective categories. The associated N reference numbers (second column) are specified in ISO 4063 (in the European Union published as EN ISO 4063 ). [ 1 ]
The most common modern welding methods use heat sufficient to melt the base metals to be joined and the filler metal. This includes gas welding and all forms of arc welding. The area where the base and filler metals melt is called the weld pool or puddle. Most welding methods involve pushing the puddle along a joint to create a weld bead ...
Structural welding (sheet steel) AWS D1.4: Structural welding (reinforcing steel) AWS D1.5: Bridge welding AWS D1.6: Structural welding (stainless steel) AWS D1.7: Structural welding (strengthening and repair) AWS D1.8: Structural welding seismic supplement AWS D1.9: Structural welding (titanium) AWS D3.6R: Underwater welding (Offshore & inland ...
The first description and experiments related to rotary friction welding took place in the Soviet Union in 1956, [3] [5] when a machinist named A. I. Chudikov researched scientific studies and suggested the use of the welding method as a commercial process. [5] The process was introduced to the United States in 1960. [3]
When welding a common combination like 1.0 + 1.0 mm sheet steel, the voltage between the electrodes is only about 1.5 V at the start of the weld but can fall as low as 1 V at the end of the weld. This decrease in voltage results from the reduction in resistance caused by the workpiece melting.
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Electron-beam welding (EBW) is a fusion welding process in which a beam of high-velocity electrons is applied to two materials to be joined. The workpieces melt and flow together as the kinetic energy of the electrons is transformed into heat upon impact.
Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process that uses a non-consumable tool to join two facing workpieces without melting the workpiece material. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Heat is generated by friction between the rotating tool and the workpiece material, which leads to a softened region near the FSW tool.