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Cheesecloth – extremely soft and fine cotton fabric with a very open plain weave; Printed calico was imported into the United States from Lancashire in the 1780s, and here a linguistic separation occurred. While Europe maintained the word calico for the fabric, in the States it was used to refer to the printed design. [11]
Chintz (/ tʃ ɪ n t s / [1]) is a woodblock printed, painted, stained or glazed calico textile that originated in Golconda (present day Hyderabad, India) in the 16th century. [2] [3] The cloth is printed with designs featuring flowers and other patterns in different colours, typically on a light, plain background.
Roller-printed cotton cushion cover panel, 1904, Silver Studio V&A Museum no. CIRC.675–1966 Indigo Blue & White printed cloth, American Printing Company, about 1910. Roller printing, also called cylinder printing or machine printing, on fabrics is a textile printing process patented by Thomas Bell of Scotland in 1783 in an attempt to reduce the cost of the earlier copperplate printing.
In properly printed fabrics the colour is bonded with the fibre, so as to resist washing and friction. Textile printing is related to dyeing but in dyeing properly the whole fabric is uniformly covered with one colour, whereas in printing one or more colours are applied to it in certain parts only, and in sharply defined patterns.
The Calico Acts (1700, 1721) banned the import of most cotton textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles. It was a form of economic protectionism , largely in response to India (particularly Bengal ), which dominated world cotton textile markets at the time.
Robert "Parsley" Peel (1723 – 12 September 1795) was a British merchant who was the grandfather of Robert Peel, a future prime minister of the United Kingdom.Peel started life as a yeoman farmer but experimented with calico printing, eventually creating a parsley leaf pattern which would become his trademark.
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