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[12] [32] [33] Myoglobin was demonstrated in the urine of victims by spectroscopy, and it was noted that the kidneys of victims resembled those of patients who had hemoglobinuria (hemoglobin rather than myoglobin being the cause of the kidney damage). In 1944 Bywaters demonstrated experimentally that the kidney failure was mainly caused by ...
Kidney damage is defined as signs of damage seen in blood, urine, or imaging studies which include lab albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) ≥ 30. [62] All people with a GFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m 2 for 3 months are defined as having chronic kidney disease.
AKI - the other main type of kidney disease - can be caused by dehydration, blood loss, urinary tract obstructions such as kidney stones or blood clots, low blood pressure, or heart disease. It ...
Sarcoidosis: This disease does not usually affect the kidney but, on occasions, the accumulation of inflammatory granulomas (collection of immune cells) in the glomeruli can lead to nephrotic syndrome. Syphilis: kidney damage can occur during the secondary stage of this disease (between 2 and 8 weeks from onset).
Kidney failure is known as the end-stage of kidney disease, where dialysis or a kidney transplant is the only treatment option. Chronic kidney disease is defined as prolonged kidney abnormalities (functional and/or structural in nature) that last for more than three months. [1] Acute kidney disease is now termed acute kidney injury and is ...
Kidney ischemia [1] is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. [2] Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. [3]
Acute kidney injuries can be present on top of chronic kidney disease, a condition called acute-on-chronic kidney failure (AoCRF). The acute part of AoCRF may be reversible, and the goal of treatment, as with AKI, is to return the person to baseline kidney function, typically measured by serum creatinine .
Overall treatment depends on preventing kidney failure (renal failure) which is done by rehydrating the patient. It also depends on making urine have a more basic pH (alkalinization of urine). [11] Crush syndrome progression (MC most common,# fracture, MODS multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, RTN renal tubular necrosis).