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Cerium(IV) oxide, also known as ceric oxide, ceric dioxide, ceria, cerium oxide or cerium dioxide, is an oxide of the rare-earth metal cerium. It is a pale yellow-white powder with the chemical formula CeO 2. It is an important commercial product and an intermediate in the purification of the element from the ores.
When there is a shortage of oxygen, cerium(IV) oxide is reduced by carbon monoxide to cerium(III) oxide: 2 CeO 2 + CO → Ce 2 O 3 + CO 2. When there is an oxygen surplus, the process is reversed and cerium(III) oxide is oxidized to cerium(IV) oxide: 2 Ce 2 O 3 + O 2 → 4 CeO 2
Cerium(IV) oxide ("ceria") has the fluorite structure, similarly to the dioxides of praseodymium and terbium. Ceria is a nonstoichiometric compound, meaning that the real formula is CeO 2-x, where x is about 0.2. Thus, the material is not perfectly described as Ce(IV). Ceria reduces to cerium(III) oxide with hydrogen gas. [3]
Gadolinium-doped ceria (GDC) (known alternatively as gadolinia-doped ceria, gadolinium-doped cerium oxide (GCO), cerium-gadolinium oxide (CGO), or cerium(IV) oxide, gadolinium-doped, formula Gd:CeO 2) is a ceramic electrolyte used in solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs).
Cerium oxide is a potent mixed conductor. [1] Mixed conductors, also known as mixed ion-electron conductors (MIEC), are a single-phase material that has significant conduction ionically and electronically. [1] [2] [3] Due to the mixed conduction, a formally neutral species can transport in a solid and therefore mass storage and redistribution ...
Cerium(IV) oxide ("ceria") has the fluorite structure, similarly to the dioxides of praseodymium and terbium. Ceria is a nonstoichiometric compound, meaning that the real formula is CeO 2−x, where x is about 0.2. Thus, the material is not perfectly described as Ce(IV). Ceria reduces to cerium(III) oxide with hydrogen gas. [25]
The main disadvantage of the stoichiometric ceria cycle lies in the fact that the reduction reaction temperature of cerium(IV) oxide is at the same range of the melting temperature (1,687–2,230 °C) of cerium(IV) oxide (), [5] which in the end results in some melting and sublimation of the material, which can produce reactor failures such as ...
Cerium oxide may refer to: Cerium(III) oxide, Ce 2 O 3, also known as dicerium trioxide; Cerium(III, IV) oxide, Ce 3 O 4 (dark blue)