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In mathematics, the special linear group SL(n, R) of degree n over a commutative ring R is the set of n × n matrices with determinant 1, with the group operations of ordinary matrix multiplication and matrix inversion. This is the normal subgroup of the general linear group given by the kernel of the determinant
The infinite general linear group or stable general linear group is the direct limit of the inclusions GL(n, F) → GL(n + 1, F) as the upper left block matrix. It is denoted by either GL( F ) or GL(∞, F ) , and can also be interpreted as invertible infinite matrices which differ from the identity matrix in only finitely many places.
The group GL n (K) itself; The special linear group SL n (K) (the subgroup of matrices with determinant 1); The group of invertible upper (or lower) triangular matrices; If g i is a collection of elements in GL n (K) indexed by a set I, then the subgroup generated by the g i is a linear group.
The general linear group GL n (R) is the group of all R-linear automorphisms of R n. There is a subgroup: the special linear group SL n (R), and their quotients: the projective general linear group PGL n (R) = GL n (R)/Z(GL n (R)) and the projective special linear group PSL n (R) = SL n (R)/Z(SL n (R)).
SL(2, R) is the group of all linear transformations of R 2 that preserve oriented area. It is isomorphic to the symplectic group Sp(2, R) and the special unitary group SU(1, 1). It is also isomorphic to the group of unit-length coquaternions. The group SL ± (2, R) preserves unoriented area: it may reverse orientation.
Special groups include the general linear group, the special linear group, and the symplectic group. Special groups are necessarily connected. Products of special groups are special. The projective linear group is not special because there exist Azumaya algebras, which are trivial over a finite separable extension, but not over the base field.
The group is an example of a unipotent linear algebraic group, the group is an example of a solvable algebraic group called the Borel subgroup of (). It is a consequence of the Lie-Kolchin theorem that any connected solvable subgroup of G L ( n ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {GL} (n)} is conjugated into B {\displaystyle B} .
Since the orthogonal group is a subgroup of the general linear group, representations of () can be decomposed into representations of (). The decomposition of a tensor representation is given in terms of Littlewood-Richardson coefficients c λ , μ ν {\displaystyle c_{\lambda ,\mu }^{\nu }} by the Littlewood restriction rule [ 12 ]