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Although delayed onset muscle soreness is a symptom associated with muscle damage, its magnitude does not necessarily reflect the magnitude of muscle damage. [ 2 ] : 66–67 Soreness is one of the temporary changes caused in muscles by unaccustomed eccentric exercise.
Acute muscle soreness (AMS) is the pain felt in muscles during and immediately, up to 24 hours, after strenuous physical exercise. The pain appears within a minute of contracting the muscle and it will disappear within two or three minutes or up to several hours after relaxing it. [1] There are two causes of acute muscle soreness: [1]
[2] [3] This further allows for more fibers to be present in a given muscle; however, a trade-off exists between the number of fibers present and force transmission. [ 3 ] [ 8 ] The force produced by pennate muscles is greater than the force produced by parallel muscles. [ 3 ]
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The muscle cross-sectional area (blue line in figure 1, also known as anatomical cross-section area, or ACSA) does not accurately represent the number of muscle fibers in the muscle. A better estimate is provided by the total area of the cross-sections perpendicular to the muscle fibers (green lines in figure 1).
It’s a common misconception that muscle weighs more than fat. In reality, muscle weight vs. fat weight is exactly the same — a pound of fat vs a pound of muscle still weighs in at one pound.
A circle is thus said to be symmetric under rotation or to have rotational symmetry. If the isometry is the reflection of a plane figure about a line, then the figure is said to have reflectional symmetry or line symmetry; [3] it is also possible for a figure/object to have more than one line of symmetry. [4]