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During World War II, approximately 350,000 U.S. women served with the armed forces. As many as 543 died in war-related incidents, including 16 nurses who were killed from enemy fire - even though U.S. political and military leaders had decided not to use women in combat because they feared public opinion. [2]
Charity Adams Earley (December 5, 1918 – January 13, 2002) was an American United States Army officer. She was the first African-American woman to be an officer in the Women's Army Auxiliary Corps (later WACs) and was the commanding officer of the 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion, which was made up of African-American women serving overseas during World War II.
In 1930, journalist Ida Tarbell included Bethune as number 10 on her list of America's greatest women. [9] [73] Bethune was awarded the Spingarn Medal in 1935 by the NAACP. [74] Bethune was the only Black woman present at the founding of the United Nations in San Francisco in 1945, representing the NAACP with W. E. B. Du Bois and Walter White.
The 6888th Central Postal Directory Battalion, nicknamed the " Six Triple Eight ", was a predominantly black battalion of the Women's Army Corps (WAC). The 6888th had 855 women, amongst whom were three Latinas, both enlisted and officers, and was led by Major Charity Adams. [1] It was the only predominantly black US Women's Army Corps unit sent ...
Women took on many different roles during World War II, including as combatants and workers on the home front. “More than six million women took wartime jobs in factories, three million volunteered with the Red Cross, and over 200,000 served in the military.”. [ 1 ] The war involved global conflict on an unprecedented scale; the absolute ...
Freda Josephine Baker (née McDonald; June 3, 1906 – April 12, 1975), naturalized as Joséphine Baker, was an American-born French dancer, singer, and actress. Her career was centered primarily in Europe, mostly in France. She was the first black woman to star in a major motion picture, the 1927 French silent film Siren of the Tropics ...
The first Black woman sworn into the Navy Nurse Corps was Phyllis Mae Dailey, a Columbia University student from New York, on 8 March 1945. She was the first of only four Black women to serve as a Navy nurse during World War II. [32] 1945 Jane Kendeigh became the first Navy flight nurse in an active combat zone, serving at Iwo Jima. [65] 1945
The Double V campaign, initiated by the Pittsburgh Courier from February 1942, was a drive to promote the fight for democracy in overseas campaigns and at the home front in the United States for African Americans during World War II. The idea of the Double V originated from a letter written by James G. Thompson on January 31, 1942.