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The ends of epiphyses are covered with hyaline cartilage ("articular cartilage"). The longitudinal growth of long bones is a result of endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate. Bone growth in length is stimulated by the production of growth hormone (GH), a secretion of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth type of connective tissue. It is a semi-transparent and non-porous type of tissue. It is usually covered by a tough and fibrous membrane called perichondrium. In tetrapods, it covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints as articular cartilage, [1] and is a structural component of many body parts ...
Chondrocyte. Light micrograph of undecalcified hyaline cartilage showing its chondrocytes and organelles, lacunae and matrix. Chondrocytes (/ ˈkɒndrəsaɪt, - droʊ -/, [1] from Greek χόνδρος (chondros) 'cartilage' and κύτος (kytos) 'cell') are the only cells found in healthy cartilage. They produce and maintain the cartilaginous ...
At the joint, the epiphysis is covered with articular cartilage; below that covering is a zone similar to the epiphyseal plate, known as subchondral bone. The epiphysis is found only in mammals which means it is a mammalian synapomorphy. The epiphysis is filled with red bone marrow, which produces erythrocytes (red blood cells).
Anatomical terminology. [edit on Wikidata] A synovial joint, also known as diarthrosis, join bones or cartilage with a fibrous joint capsule that is continuous with the periosteum of the joined bones, constitutes the outer boundary of a synovial cavity, and surrounds the bones' articulating surfaces. This joint unites long bones and permits ...
The epiphyseal plate, epiphysial plate, physis, or growth plate is a hyaline cartilage plate in the metaphysis at each end of a long bone.It is the part of a long bone where new bone growth takes place; that is, the whole bone is alive, with maintenance remodeling throughout its existing bone tissue, but the growth plate is the place where the long bone grows longer (adds length).
In long bones, the secondary centers appear in the epiphyses. [2] At the end of the formation of the secondary ossification center, the only two areas where the cartilage remains is at the articular cartilage covering the epiphysis and at the epiphyseal plate between the epiphysis and diaphysis. [3] A schematic for long bone endochondral ...
A meniscus (pl.: menisci or meniscuses) is a crescent-shaped fibrocartilaginous anatomical structure that, in contrast to an articular disc, only partly divides a joint cavity. [1] In humans, they are present in the knee, wrist, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular, and temporomandibular joints; [2] in other animals they may be present in other ...