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Some MS patients develop rapid onset of numbness, weakness, bowel or bladder dysfunction, and/or loss of muscle function, typically in the lower half of the body. [citation needed] This is the result of MS attacking the spinal cord. The symptoms and signs depend upon the nerve cords involved and the extent of the involvement.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease resulting in damage to the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. [3] As a demyelinating disease, MS disrupts the nervous system's ability to transmit signals, resulting in a range of signs and symptoms, including physical, mental, and sometimes psychiatric problems.
Multiple sclerosis is typically diagnosed based on the presenting signs and symptoms, in combination with supporting medical imaging and laboratory testing. [4] It can be difficult to confirm, especially early on, since the signs and symptoms may be similar to those of other medical problems. [5] [6]
For other symptoms the efficacy of treatments is still very limited. [87] Aquatic therapy has also been shown to alleviate symptoms of multiple sclerosis. Aquatic cycling and aerobic exercise is a safe and effective way to increase muscular strength, endurance, and circulation in MS patients.
Uhthoff's phenomenon (also known as Uhthoff's syndrome, [1] Uhthoff's sign, [1] and Uhthoff's symptom) is the worsening of neurologic symptoms in multiple sclerosis (MS) and other demyelinating diseases when the body is overheated.
Symptoms and signs [ edit ] Symptoms are similar to those in multiple sclerosis and may include dementia , aphasia , seizures , personality changes , poor attention , tremors , balance instability , incontinence, muscle weakness, headache, vomiting, and vision and speech impairment. [ 5 ]
Currently, routine clinical follow-up and MRI neuroimaging surveillance is the standard by which patients are observed. [4] While treatment of MS disease modifying therapies have been given to some individuals with RIS, the majority opt for active surveillance and the appearance of clinical symptoms before commencing treatment, [5] as treatment is considered controversial.
A rarer type of classical ALS affecting around 3% of patients is respiratory-onset, [9] in which the initial symptoms are difficulty breathing upon exertion, at rest, or while lying flat . [ 25 ] Primary lateral sclerosis (PLS) is a subtype of the overall ALS category which accounts for about 5% of all cases and only affects the upper motor ...
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