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Song Binbin (Chinese: 宋彬彬; 1947 – September 16, 2024), [1] also known as Song Yaowu (Chinese: 宋要武), was a Chinese woman who, as a 19-year old, began engaging in violence that led to a role as a senior leader in the Chinese Red Guards during the call to violence by Mao Zedong that was the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution. [2]
The shoulder boards of the old regime and all tsarist insignia were previously abolished by the Provisional Government but were now replaced by Red Guard stars and diagonal strips on caps in the Red Army whilst a "profusion of red distinctions: cockade, cap band, and collar among others" were worn in the Red Navy. [9] [4] [10]
Red Guards (Russian: Красная гвардия) were paramilitary volunteer formations for the "protection of the soviet power", as part of the Bolshevik Military Organizations. The Red Guards consisted primarily of urban workers , peasants , [ dubious – discuss ] cossacks and partially of soldiers and sailors .
In lieu of official red stars, one of the unofficial locally made variants, or Red Guard style cloth insignia, soldiers would sometimes wear the golden stars from old tsarist officers' shoulder boards and in other cases tsarist branch of service shoulder badges on their caps (an example would be the crossed cannons of the artillery). [7] [55] [56]
Red Guard leaders, led by Nie Yuanzi, also gave speeches. [1] A high school Red Guard leader, Song Binbin, placed a red armband inscribed with the characters for "Red Guard" on the chairman, who stood for six hours. [1] The 8-18 Rally, as it was known, was the first of eight receptions the Chairman gave to Red Guards in Tiananmen in the fall of ...
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The Council of People's Commissars set up the Red Army by decree on January 15, 1918 (January 28, 1918), basing it on the already-existing Red Guard. The official Red Army Day of February 23, 1918, marked the day of the first mass draft of the Red Army in Petrograd and Moscow and the first combat action against the rapidly advancing Imperial ...
In 1966, the Cultural Revolution began. In middle schools and universities, the Red Guards spread rapidly as a new student organization.. On February 4, 1967, the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party issued the "Notice on the Proletarian Cultural Revolution in Primary Schools (Draft)", [3] proposing that primary schools are "an important front" in the Cultural Revolution, and ...