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A graph of this equation creates an S-shaped curve, which demonstrates how initial population growth is exponential due to the abundance of resources and lack of competition. When factors that limit an organisms growth are not available in constant supply to meet the growing demand, such as RNA and protein amounts in bacteria, the growth of the ...
The Hayflick limit, or Hayflick phenomenon, is the number of times a normal somatic, differentiated human cell population will divide before cell division stops. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The concept of the Hayflick limit was advanced by American anatomist Leonard Hayflick in 1961, [ 3 ] at the Wistar Institute in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania.
Graph homomorphism problem [3]: GT52 Graph partition into subgraphs of specific types (triangles, isomorphic subgraphs, Hamiltonian subgraphs, forests, perfect matchings) are known NP-complete. Partition into cliques is the same problem as coloring the complement of the given graph. A related problem is to find a partition that is optimal terms ...
Cell growth refers to an increase in the total mass of a cell, including both cytoplasmic, nuclear and organelle volume. [1] Cell growth occurs when the overall rate of cellular biosynthesis (production of biomolecules or anabolism) is greater than the overall rate of cellular degradation (the destruction of biomolecules via the proteasome, lysosome or autophagy, or catabolism).
Maximum life span (or, for humans, maximum reported age at death) is a measure of the maximum amount of time one or more members of a population have been observed to survive between birth and death.
The weighted version of the decision problem was one of Karp's 21 NP-complete problems; [11] Karp showed the NP-completeness by a reduction from the partition problem. The canonical optimization variant of the above decision problem is usually known as the Maximum-Cut Problem or Max-Cut and is defined as: Given a graph G, find a maximum cut.
In graph theory and statistics, a graphon (also known as a graph limit) is a symmetric measurable function : [,] [,], that is important in the study of dense graphs. Graphons arise both as a natural notion for the limit of a sequence of dense graphs, and as the fundamental defining objects of exchangeable random graph models.
This modelling problem has been called the "atto-fox problem", an atto-fox being a notional 10 −18 of a fox. [ 31 ] [ 32 ] A density of 10 −18 foxes per square kilometre equates to an average of approximately 5×10 −10 foxes on the surface of the earth, which in practical terms means that foxes are extinct.