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Backcrossing is a crossing of a hybrid with one of its parents or an individual genetically similar to its parent, to achieve offspring with a genetic identity closer to that of the parent. It is used in horticulture, animal breeding, and production of gene knockout organisms.
Breeding back is not to be confused with dedomestication. It must be kept in mind that a breeding-back breed may be very similar to the extinct wild type in phenotype, ecological niche, and to some extent genetics, but the gene pool of that wild type was different prior to its extinction. Even the superficial authenticity of a bred-back animal ...
In genetics, a reciprocal cross is a breeding experiment designed to test the role of parental sex on a given inheritance pattern. [1] All parent organisms must be true breeding to properly carry out such an experiment. In one cross, a male expressing the trait of interest will be crossed with a female not expressing the trait.
Genetic drift can cause alleles to disappear from a population, and this lowers genetic diversity. In small populations, low genetic diversity can increase rates of inbreeding, which can result in inbreeding depression , in which a population made up of genetically similar individuals loses fitness .
In 2017, a breeding programme was established to revive the subspecies through back breeding the hybrids to regain their genetic purity. [140] As of 2025, 400 Floreana giant tortoises have been hatched on Santa Cruz Island with plans to release them into the wild on Floreana Island after the successful extirpation of invasive species.
Introgressive hybridization, also known as introgression, is the flow of genetic material between divergent lineages via repeated backcrossing. In plants, this backcrossing occurs when an F 1 {\displaystyle F_{1}} generation hybrid breeds with one or both of its parental species.
F1 hybrid (also known as filial 1 hybrid) is the first filial generation of offspring of distinctly different parental types. [1] F1 hybrids are used in genetics, and in selective breeding, where the term F1 crossbreed may be used.
Animal breeding is a branch of animal science that addresses the evaluation (using best linear unbiased prediction and other methods) of the genetic value (estimated breeding value, EBV) of livestock. Selecting for breeding animals with superior EBV in growth rate, egg, meat, milk, or wool production, or with other desirable traits has ...