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Bromobenzyl cyanide (BBC), also known in the military idiom as camite (CA), is an obsolete lachrymatory agent [1] introduced in World War I by the Allied Powers, being a standard agent, along with chloroacetophenone, adopted by the CWS. [2]
Biological warfare, also known as germ warfare, is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, insects, and fungi with the intent to kill, harm or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war. [1]
Chloroquine has antiviral effects against some viruses. [42] It increases late endosomal and lysosomal pH, resulting in impaired release of the virus from the endosome or lysosome — release of the virus requires a low pH. The virus is therefore unable to release its genetic material into the cell and replicate. [43] [44]
The blood of people killed by blood agents is bright red, because the agents inhibit the use of the oxygen in it by the body's cells. [2] Cyanide poisoning can be detected by the presence of thiocyanate or cyanide in the blood, a smell of bitter almonds, or respiratory tract inflammations and congestions in the case of cyanogen chloride ...
The 1972 Biological Weapons Convention is an international treaty banning the development, use or stockpiling of biological weapons; as of March 2021, there were 183 states parties to the treaty. [3] Bio-agents are, however, widely studied for both defensive and medical research purposes under various biosafety levels and within biocontainment ...
alcohols with or without antiseptic additives, used mainly for skin antisepsis, weak organic acids such as sorbic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid and salicylic acid; some phenolic compounds, such as hexachlorophene, triclosan and Dibromol, and; cationic surfactants, such as 0.05–0.5% benzalkonium, 0.5–4% chlorhexidine, 0.1–2% octenidine ...
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a virucide is "An agent that kills viruses to make them noninfective." [ 12 ] According to a definition by Robert Koch Institute Germany and further institutions, [ 13 ] virucide means effective against enveloped and non-enveloped viruses.
Viral immunotherapy is the use of virus to stimulate the body's immune system. Unlike traditional vaccines, in which attenuated or killed virus/bacteria is used to generate an immune response, viral immunotherapy uses genetically engineered viruses to present a specific antigen to the immune system. That antigen could be from any species of ...