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In computer programming, indentation style is a convention, a.k.a. style, governing the indentation of blocks of source code.An indentation style generally involves consistent width of whitespace (indentation size) before each line of a block, so that the lines of code appear to be related, and dictates whether to use space or tab characters for the indentation whitespace.
LeetCode LLC, doing business as LeetCode, is an online platform for coding interview preparation. The platform provides coding and algorithmic problems intended for users to practice coding . [ 1 ] LeetCode has gained popularity among job seekers in the software industry and coding enthusiasts as a resource for technical interviews and coding ...
Range minimum query reduced to the lowest common ancestor problem.. Given an array A[1 … n] of n objects taken from a totally ordered set, such as integers, the range minimum query RMQ A (l,r) =arg min A[k] (with 1 ≤ l ≤ k ≤ r ≤ n) returns the position of the minimal element in the specified sub-array A[l …
The expression clz(x − y)1 << (16 − clz(x − 1)/2) is an effective initial guess for computing the square root of a 32-bit integer using Newton's method. [51] CLZ can efficiently implement null suppression, a fast data compression technique that encodes an integer as the number of leading zero bytes together with the nonzero bytes. [52]
A linked list can be built by creating an array of these structures, and an integer variable to store the index of the first element. integer listHead Entry Records[1000] Links between elements are formed by placing the array index of the next (or previous) cell into the Next or Prev field within a given element. For example:
The median graph representing all solutions to the example 2-satisfiability instance whose implication graph is shown above. The set of all solutions to a 2-satisfiability instance has the structure of a median graph , in which an edge corresponds to the operation of flipping the values of a set of variables that are all constrained to be equal ...
Modular exponentiation is the remainder when an integer b (the base) is raised to the power e (the exponent), and divided by a positive integer m (the modulus); that is, c = b e mod m. From the definition of division, it follows that 0 ≤ c < m. For example, given b = 5, e = 3 and m = 13, dividing 5 3 = 125 by 13 leaves a remainder of c = 8.
The discrete logarithm is just the inverse operation. For example, consider the equation 3 k ≡ 13 (mod 17). From the example above, one solution is k = 4, but it is not the only solution. Since 3 16 ≡ 1 (mod 17)—as follows from Fermat's little theorem—it also follows that if n is an integer then 3 4+16n ≡ 3 4 × (3 16) n ≡ 13 × 1 n ...