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Diabetes medication. Drugs used in diabetes treat diabetes mellitus by decreasing glucose levels in the blood. With the exception of insulin, most GLP-1 receptor agonists ( liraglutide, exenatide, and others), and pramlintide, all diabetes medications are administered orally and are thus called oral hypoglycemic agents or oral antihyperglycemic ...
4.2 million (2019) [ 9] Diabetes mellitus, often known simply as diabetes, is a group of common endocrine diseases characterized by sustained high blood sugar levels. [ 10][ 11] Diabetes is due to either the pancreas not producing enough insulin, or the cells of the body becoming unresponsive to the hormone's effects. [ 12]
A blue circle, the symbol for diabetes. High blood sugar levels, autoantibodies targeting insulin-producing cells. Type 1 diabetes ( T1D ), formerly known as juvenile diabetes, is an autoimmune disease that originates when cells that make insulin (beta cells) are destroyed by the immune system. [ 5] Insulin is a hormone required for the cells ...
A small number of normal to moderately obese patients with type 2 diabetes have successfully undergone similar operations. [115] [116] MODY is a rare genetic form of diabetes, often mistaken for Type 1 or Type 2. The medical management is variable and depends on each individual case. [117]
Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors ( AGIs) are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of carbohydrates (such as starch and table sugar ). Carbohydrates are normally converted into simple sugars ( monosaccharides) by alpha-glucosidase enzymes present on cells lining ...
The World Health Organization definition of diabetes (both type 1 and type 2) is for a single raised glucose reading with symptoms, otherwise raised values on two occasions, of either: [74] fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L (126 mg/dL) or. with a glucose tolerance test, two hours after the oral dose a plasma glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L (200 mg/dL)
Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922. [ 13][ 14] This is a chronology of key milestones in the history of the medical use of insulin. For more details on the discovery, extraction, purification, clinical use, and synthesis of insulin, see Insulin. 1921 Research on the role of pancreas in ...
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is one of the life-threatening severe complications of diabetes that demands immediate attention and intervention. [7] It is considered a medical emergency and can affect both patients with T1D (type 1 diabetes) and T2D (type 2 diabetes), but it is more common in T1D. [8]
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