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  2. Horizontal integration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal_integration

    Marketing. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market ...

  3. Integrated Management Concept - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Integrated_Management_Concept

    The Integrated Management Concept, or IMC is an approach to structure management challenges by applying a " system-theoretical perspective that sees organisations as complex systems consisting of sub-systems, interrelations, and functions". [1] The most characteristic aspect of the IMC is its distinction between three particular management ...

  4. Vertical integration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertical_integration

    In microeconomics, management and international political economy, vertical integration, also referred to as vertical consolidation, is an arrangement in which the supply chain of a company is integrated and owned by that company. Usually each member of the supply chain produces a different product or (market-specific) service, and the products ...

  5. Diversification (marketing strategy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversification_(marketing...

    Diversification (marketing strategy) Diversification is a corporate strategy to enter into or start new products or product lines, new services or new markets, involving substantially different skills, technology and knowledge. Diversification is one of the four main growth strategies defined by Igor Ansoff in the Ansoff Matrix: [1] Products.

  6. System integration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/System_integration

    System integration is defined in engineering as the process of bringing together the component sub-systems into one system (an aggregation of subsystems cooperating so that the system is able to deliver the overarching functionality) and ensuring that the subsystems function together as a system, [1] and in information technology [2] as the process of linking together different computing ...

  7. Flat organization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_organization

    Flat organization. A flat organization (also known as horizontal organization or flat hierarchy) is an organizational structure with few or no levels of middle management between staff and executives. An organizational structure refers to the nature of the distribution of the units and positions within it, and also to the nature of the ...

  8. Internationalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internationalization

    Internationalization. In economics, internationalization or internationalisation is the process of increasing involvement of enterprises in international markets, although there is no agreed definition of internationalization. [1] Internationalization is a crucial strategy not only for companies that seek horizontal integration globally but ...

  9. Organizational structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizational_structure

    A functional organizational structure is a structure that consists of activities such as coordination, supervision and task allocation. The organizational structure determines how the organization performs or operates. The term "organizational structure" refers to how the people in an organization are grouped and to whom they report.