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Nystagmus as seen in a case of ocular albinism. The cause of pathological nystagmus may be congenital, idiopathic, or secondary to a pre-existing neurological disorder.It also may be induced temporarily by disorientation (such as on roller coaster rides or when a person has been spinning in circles) or by some drugs (alcohol, lidocaine, and other central nervous system depressants, inhalant ...
Parinaud's syndrome is a constellation of neurological signs indicating injury to the dorsal midbrain. More specifically, compression of the vertical gaze center at the rostral interstitial nucleus of medial longitudinal fasciculus (riMLF). It is a group of abnormalities of eye movement and pupil dysfunction and is named for Henri Parinaud [ 6 ...
Wernicke encephalopathy ( WE ), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [ 1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1 ). [ 2] The condition is part of a larger group of thiamine deficiency disorders that ...
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Myasthenia Gravis. The one and a half syndrome is a rare weakness in eye movement affecting both eyes, in which one cannot move laterally at all, and the other can move only in outward direction. More formally, it is characterized by " a conjugate horizontal gaze palsy in one direction and an internuclear ...
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ( WKS) is the combined presence of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome (AKS [clarification needed] ). Due to the close relationship between these two disorders, people with either are usually diagnosed with WKS as a single syndrome. It mainly causes vision changes, ataxia and impaired memory.
The nystagmus is commonly associated with vertigo spells. These vertigo spells can result in falling, caused from the involvement of the region of Deiters' nucleus. [citation needed] Common symptoms with lateral medullary syndrome may include difficulty swallowing, or dysphagia. This can be caused by the involvement of the nucleus ambiguus, as ...
Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome. A person with inherited prion disease has cerebellar atrophy. This is quite typical of GSS. difficulty speaking, developing dementia, memory loss, vision loss. Gerstmann–Sträussler–Scheinker syndrome ( GSS) is an extremely rare, always fatal (due to it being caused by prions) neurodegenerative ...
Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus (HGN) testing is a common practice used by law enforcement in the United States in the identification of persons who are intoxicated or under the influence of a controlled substance. The key difference between recognizing PAN and horizontal gaze nystagmus is the position of the subject's head in relation to the body.