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In molecular biology, the five-prime cap (5′ cap) is a specially altered nucleotide on the 5′ end of some primary transcripts such as precursor messenger RNA.This process, known as mRNA capping, is highly regulated and vital in the creation of stable and mature messenger RNA able to undergo translation during protein synthesis.
Transcription of mRNAs initiated by viral polymerase using cap snatching. The first step of transcription for some negative, single-stranded RNA viruses is cap snatching, in which the first 10 to 20 residues of a host cell RNA are removed (snatched) and used as the 5′ cap and primer to initiate the synthesis of the nascent viral mRNA. [1]
The NAD+ 5' cap has been observed in bacteria, [3] contrary to the long-held belief that prokaryotes lacked 5'-capped RNA, [4] as well as on the 5' cap of eukaryotic mRNA, [5] in place of the m7G cap. This modification also potentially allows for selective degradation of RNA]within prokaryotes as different pathways are involved in the ...
5' cap structure. Capping is a three-step process that utilizes the enzymes RNA triphosphatase, guanylyltransferase, and methyltransferase. [1] [2] Through a series of three steps, the cap is added to the first nucleotide's 5' hydroxyl group of the growing mRNA strand while transcription is still occurring.
The 5′ untranslated region (also known as 5′ UTR, leader sequence, transcript leader, or leader RNA) is the region of a messenger RNA (mRNA) that is directly upstream from the initiation codon. This region is important for the regulation of translation of a transcript by differing mechanisms in viruses , prokaryotes and eukaryotes .
The CHMP recommends authorizing Moderna's (MRNA) bivalent COVID-19 booster vaccine, targeting the Omicron BA.4/5 subvariants, for use in adults and adolescents aged 12 years and older.
“What I think is a more interesting combination is the Johnson & Johnson vaccine followed by an mRNA booster,” he said. That’s because the two vaccines use different technologies to trigger ...
Nuclear cap-binding protein complex is a RNA-binding protein which binds to the 5' cap of pre-mRNA.The cap and nuclear cap-binding protein have many functions in mRNA biogenesis including splicing, 3'-end formation by stabilizing the interaction of the 3'-end processing machinery, nuclear export and protection of the transcripts from nuclease degradation. [2]