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According to Islamic prophetic tradition, Muhammad descended from Adnan. [7] Tradition records the genealogy from Adnan to Muhammad comprises 21 generations. The following is the list of chiefs who are said to have ruled the Hejaz and to have been the patrilineal ancestors of Muhammad. [4]
The common view is that the Islamic prophet Muhammad had three sons, named Abd Allah, Ibrahim, and Qasim, and four daughters, named Fatima, Ruqayya, Umm Kulthum, and Zaynab. The children of Muhammad are said to have been born to his first wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, except his son Ibrahim, who was born to Maria al-Qibtiyya.
The sanctity of a prophet's family was likely an accepted principle at the time of Muhammad. [66] Today, all Muslims venerate the household of Muhammad, [4] [2] [5] and blessings on his family (āl) are invoked in every prayer. [67] In many Muslim communities, high social status is granted to people claiming descent from Ali and Fatima.
Sayyid [a] is an honorific title of Hasanid and Husaynid lineage, recognized as descendants of the Islamic prophet Muhammad through his daughter Fatima and Ali's sons Hasan and Husayn. The title may also refer to the descendants of the family of the Bani Hashim through the Prophet’s great-grandfather Hashim , and others including Hamza ...
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These descendants, and especially those tracing their lineage to Muhammad through his daughter Fatima, hold the traditional title of Sharīf (often synonymous to Sayyid). [ 1 ] From the 8th century on, Hashimid descent came to be regarded as a mark of nobility, and formed the basis upon which many dynasties legitimized their rule. [ 2 ]
The local inhabitants chose as their leader the 'Alawi family head, Muhammad al-Sharif – known as Mawlay Ali al-Sharif, [17] Mawlay al-Sharif, or Muhammad I [1] – recognizing him as Sultan. [3]: 222, 228 Mawlay al-Sharif led an attack against Abu Hassun's garrison at Tabu'samt in 1635 or 1636 (1045 AH) but failed to expel them.
A family tree depicting branches of the Adnanites. A family tree depicting the descendants of the Banu Adnan. According to Arab genealogical tradition, the Adnanites are descended from Adnan whom in turn is descended from Ishmael. [4] [5] [6] whereas the Qahtanites of Southern Arabia (Yemen) are the original, pure Arabs. [7] [8]