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In telecommunications, a network-to-network interface (NNI) is an interface that specifies signaling and management functions between two networks. An NNI circuit can be used for interconnection of signalling (e.g., SS7 ), Internet Protocol (IP) (e.g., MPLS ) or ATM networks.
The Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model is a reference model from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that "provides a common basis for the coordination of standards development for the purpose of systems interconnection."
In telecommunications, interconnection is the physical linking of a carrier's network with equipment or facilities not belonging to that network. The term may refer to a connection between a carrier's facilities and the equipment belonging to its customer, or to a connection between two or more carriers.
In a network using Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) architecture, the physical signaling sublayer is the portion of the physical layer that [7] [8] interfaces with the data link layer's medium access control (MAC) sublayer, performs symbol encoding, transmission, reception and decoding and, performs galvanic isolation.
A data center is a pool of resources (computational, storage, network) interconnected using a communication network. [1] [2] A data center network (DCN) holds a pivotal role in a data center, as it interconnects all of the data center resources together.
Communication system An electronic communications system using electronic signals. A communications system or communication system is a collection of individual telecommunications networks systems, relay stations, tributary stations, and terminal equipment usually capable of interconnection and interoperation to form an integrated whole.
Most commonly used inter-network processors are switches, bridges, hubs, routers and gateways. Switches act as interfaces for communication between telecommunications circuits in a networked environment. In addition, most modern switches have integrated network managing capabilities and may operate on numerous layers of the OSI reference model ...
Communication can take place in two directions, +x and −x. A 1D Torus is the same as ring interconnection . 2D Torus: two dimensions with degree of four, the nodes are imagined laid out in a two-dimensional rectangular lattice of n rows and n columns, with each node connected to its four nearest neighbors, and corresponding nodes on opposite ...