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The RALES trial [30] showed that the addition of spironolactone can improve mortality, particularly in severe cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction less than 25%.) The related medication eplerenone was shown in the EPHESUS trial [ 31 ] to have a similar effect, and it is specifically labelled for use in decompensated heart failure complicating ...
Modalities applied to measurement of ejection fraction is an emerging field of medical mathematics and subsequent computational applications. The first common measurement method is echocardiography, [7] [8] although cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), [8] [9] cardiac computed tomography, [8] [9] ventriculography and nuclear medicine (gated SPECT and radionuclide angiography) [8] [10 ...
Heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFmrEF), previously called "heart failure with mid-range ejection fraction", [63] is defined by an ejection fraction of 41–49%. [ 63 ] Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF): Synonyms no longer recommended include "diastolic heart failure" and "heart failure with normal ...
There is varying evidence on the mortality benefits in NSTEMI. A 2014 review of P2Y12 inhibitors such as clopidogrel found they do not change the risk of death when given to people with a suspected NSTEMI prior to PCI, [122] nor do heparins change the risk of death. [123] They do decrease the risk of having a further myocardial infarction. [72 ...
Based on death certificates, sudden cardiac death accounts for about 20% of all deaths in the United States. [ 151 ] [ 152 ] In the United States, approximately 326,000 cases of out-of-hospital and 209,000 cases of IHCA occur among adults annually, which works out to be an incidence of approximately 110.8 per 100,000 adults per year.
Heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (HFNEF), [6] often termed diastolic heart failure [5] Atrial fibrillation , other cardiac arrhythmias, or sudden cardiac death [ 5 ] Heart failure can develop insidiously over time or patients can present acutely with acute heart failure or acute decompensated heart failure and ...
This is defined as a left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of 40% or less. About half of heart failure patients have a reduced ejection fraction. [2] Other types of heart failure are heart failure with mildly reduced ejection fraction (LVEF between 40% and 50%) and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (LVEF 50% or higher). [1] [3]
Surgery is recommended for chronic severe mitral regurgitation in symptomatic patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of greater than 30%, and asymptomatic patients with LVEF of 30-60% or left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV) > 40%. [8]