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Citalopram, sold under the brand name Celexa among others, is an antidepressant of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) class. [7] [10] It is used to treat major depressive disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder, panic disorder, and social phobia. [7] The antidepressant effects may take one to four weeks to occur. [7]
Of the estimated 16 million "long term" (over 24 months) users, roughly 70 percent are female. [299] As of 2017, about 16.5% of white people in the United States took antidepressants compared with 5.6% of black people in the United States. [300] Structural formula of the SSRI sertraline
Major depression is more common in medically ill patients who are older than 70 years and hospitalized or institutionalized. Severe or chronic diseases associated with high rates of depression include stroke (30–60%), coronary heart disease (8–44%), cancer (1–40%), Parkinson's disease (40%), Alzheimer's disease (20–40%), and dementia ...
Tricyclic antidepressants are older antidepressants that, due to their side effect profiles, typically aren’t prescribed as first-line depression treatments today.
Some people may need antidepressants for a relatively short period (like while grieving the loss of a loved one), or they might need medication long-term, if the depression is chronic.
Antidepressants work less well for the elderly than for younger individuals with depression. [168] To find the most effective antidepressant medication with minimal side-effects, the dosages can be adjusted, and if necessary, combinations of different classes of antidepressants can be tried.
Most of the weight gain caused by antidepressants is mild, with a 2017 study from Australia finding that high-dosage antidepressant users gain 0.28kg (about 0.6 lbs) per year on average.
A 2006 review suggests that the widespread use of antidepressants in the new "SSRI-era" appears to have led to a highly significant decline in suicide rates in most countries with traditionally high baseline suicide rates. The decline is particularly striking for women who, compared with men, seek more help for depression.
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