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The epidermis, "epi" coming from the Greek language meaning "over" or "upon", is the outermost layer of the skin. It forms the waterproof, protective wrap over the body's surface, which also serves as a barrier to infection and is made up of stratified squamous epithelium with an underlying basal lamina.
The epidermis is the outermost of the three layers that comprise the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis. [1] The epidermal layer provides a barrier to infection from environmental pathogens [ 2 ] and regulates the amount of water released from the body into the atmosphere through transepidermal water loss .
To be absorbed through the skin, a chemical must pass through the epidermis, glands, or hair follicles. Sweat glands and hair follicles make up about 0.1 to 1.0 percent of the total skin surface. [2] Though small amounts of chemicals may enter the body rapidly through the glands or hair follicles, they are primarily absorbed through the epidermis.
S. epidermidis thrives in warm, moist environments and is a common bacteria of the human microbiome; [18] it is thus primarily responsible for foot odor as feet have more sweat glands than any other part of the body and thus are often moist, which creates an ideal environment for S. epidermidis to thrive.
Keratinocytes contribute to protecting the body from ultraviolet radiation (UVR) by taking up melanosomes, vesicles containing the endogenous photoprotectant melanin, from epidermal melanocytes. Each melanocyte in the epidermis has several dendrites that stretch out to connect it with many
The epidermis is composed of the outermost layers of the skin. It forms a protective barrier over the body's surface, responsible for keeping water in the body and preventing pathogens from entering, and is a stratified squamous epithelium, [13] composed of proliferating basal and differentiated suprabasal keratinocytes.
NAD is a molecule found in every living cell of the body that plays an important role in creating energy in the body. ... “Unlike in the energy transmission function, when acting as a messenger ...
PSMs were first described as a pro-inflammatory molecule. [2] This role has been repeatedly demonstrated to be true. PSMs are able to induce the production of a variety of cytokines as well as induce neutrophils to migrate to sites of infection. [3] PSMε in S. epidermidis is known to influence the production of IL-8. [3]