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Haskell (/ ˈ h æ s k əl / [25]) is a general-purpose, statically typed, purely functional programming language with type inference and lazy evaluation. [ 26 ] [ 27 ] Designed for teaching, research, and industrial applications, Haskell pioneered several programming language features such as type classes , which enable type-safe operator ...
Applicative functors first appeared as a library feature in Haskell, but have since spread to other languages as well, including Idris, Agda, OCaml, Scala and F#. Glasgow Haskell, Idris, and F# offer language features designed to ease programming with applicative functors. In Haskell, applicative functors are implemented in the Applicative type ...
In computer science, corecursion is a type of operation that is dual to recursion.Whereas recursion works analytically, starting on data further from a base case and breaking it down into smaller data and repeating until one reaches a base case, corecursion works synthetically, starting from a base case and building it up, iteratively producing data further removed from a base case.
In Haskell this is the foldl' (note the apostrophe, pronounced 'prime') function in the Data.List library (one needs to be aware of the fact though that forcing a value built with a lazy data constructor won't force its constituents automatically by itself). Combined with tail recursion, such folds approach the efficiency of loops, ensuring ...
In functional programming, a functor is a design pattern inspired by the definition from category theory that allows one to apply a function to values inside a generic type without changing the structure of the generic type. In Haskell this idea can be captured in a type class:
Mutual recursion is very common in functional programming, and is often used for programs written in LISP, Scheme, ML, and similar programming languages. For example, Abelson and Sussman describe how a meta-circular evaluator can be used to implement LISP with an eval-apply cycle. [ 7 ]
The "Curry" in "Currying" is a reference to logician Haskell Curry, who used the concept extensively, but Moses Schönfinkel had the idea six years before Curry. [10] The alternative name "Schönfinkelisation" has been proposed. [15]
Concurrent Haskell is an extension to Haskell that supports threads and synchronization. [7] GHC's implementation of Concurrent Haskell is based on multiplexing lightweight Haskell threads onto a few heavyweight operating system (OS) threads, [8] so that Concurrent Haskell programs run in parallel via symmetric multiprocessing. The runtime can ...