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The Bruce Codex (Latin: Codex Brucianus) is a codex that contains Coptic, Arabic, and Ethiopic manuscripts. It contains rare Gnostic works; the Bruce Codex is the only known surviving copy of the Books of Jeu and another work simply called Untitled Text or the Untitled Apocalypse. In 1769, James Bruce purchased the codex in Upper Egypt.
The Untitled Text [1] [2] in the Bruce Codex—also called the Untitled Treatise, [3] the Untitled Apocalypse, [4] and The Gnosis of the Light [4] —is a Gnostic text. When James Bruce acquired the codex in Egypt in 1769, [5] "very little knowledge" was available about this period of Gnostic Christianity. [4]
The Bruce Codex (purchased in 1769 by James Bruce): Books of Jeu, also known as The Gnosis of the Invisible God; The Untitled Text; The Askew Codex (British Museum, bought in 1784): Pistis Sophia: Books of the Savior; The Berlin Codex or The Akhmim Codex (found in Akhmim, Egypt; bought in 1896 by Carl Reinhardt): Apocryphon of John
It is believed that the Sahidic Coptic of the Codex version is a translation, however, and the original was written in Koine Greek in the early 3rd century. This estimate is because the Pistis Sophia mentions the two books of Jeu twice (158.18 and 228.35), suggesting that the Books of Jeu were written before it, and the Pistis Sophia is dated ...
In 1769, the Bruce Codex was brought to England from Upper Egypt by the Scottish traveller James Bruce, and subsequently bequeathed to the care of the Bodleian Library, Oxford. Sometime prior to 1785, The Askew Codex (a.k.a. Pistis Sophia) was bought by the British Museum from the heirs of
Bruce and his sensational stories were received with incredulity upon his return to London in 1774 after more than a dozen years of travel in North Africa and Abyssinia where he traced the Blue Nile. Title page Travels to Discover the Source of the Nile by James Bruce, 1790
The Untitled Text (or Untitled Apocalypse or The Gnosis of the Light) [citation needed] (Bruce Codex, c. 5th century) The Coptic Apocalypse of Paul; The Gospel of Judas is the most recently discovered Gnostic text. National Geographic has published an English translation of it, bringing it into mainstream awareness.
This codex was likely compiled by followers of Valentinus. [62] The codex is written in the Sahidic and Subachmimic dialects of Coptic, [62] possibly by a speaker of Subachmimic trying to write Sahidic. [63] This Coptic text is a translation of a now-lost Greek original. [64] [65] The Nag Hammadi manuscript itself was written around 400 CE. [66]