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Thumb hypoplasia is a spectrum of congenital abnormalities of the thumb varying from small defects to complete absence of the thumb. [1] It can be isolated, when only the thumb is affected, and in 60% of the cases [ 2 ] it is associated with radial dysplasia [ 1 ] (or radial club, radius dysplasia, longitudinal radial deficiency).
Trapeziometacarpal osteoarthritis (TMC OA) is, also known as osteoarthritis at the base of the thumb, thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis, basilar (or basal) joint arthritis, or as rhizarthrosis. [ 3 ] [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This joint is formed by the trapezium bone of the wrist and the metacarpal bone of the thumb.
Ulnar dysplasia also known as ulnar longitudinal deficiency, ulnar club hand or ulnar aplasia/hypoplasia is a rare congenital malformation which consists of an underdeveloped or missing ulnae bone, causing an ulnar deviation of the entire wrist. The muscles and nerves in the hand may be missing or unbalanced.
Radial club hand with thumb missing (ectrodactyly) Radial dysplasia , also known as radial club hand or radial longitudinal deficiency , is a congenital difference occurring in a longitudinal direction resulting in radial deviation of the wrist and shortening of the forearm.
With gamekeeper's thumb, where the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) is damaged, thumb functional abilities may be diminished. [4] For fingertip deformities, such as in mallet finger, pain and fingernail disruption may also be observed. [13] Rheumatoid arthritis of the hands may cause hand deformities.
Michels Caskey syndrome is a rare disorder that combines spinal and skeletal abnormalities, especially of the thumbs, with abnormal or absent female reproductive organs. . Examples include the absence of a cervix and upper vagina or abnormalities of the uterus or vag
Hypoplasia (congenital below-average number of cells, especially when inadequate) Metaplasia (conversion in cell type) Neoplasia (abnormal proliferation) Prosoplasia (development of new cell function) Abiotrophy (loss in vitality of organ or tissue) Atrophy (reduced functionality of an organ, with decrease in the number or volume of cells)
Arthrosis, osteoarthrosis, degenerative arthritis, degenerative joint disease: The formation of hard knobs at the middle finger joints (known as Bouchard's nodes) and at the farthest joints of the fingers (known as Heberden's nodes) is a common feature of osteoarthritis in the hands. Pronunciation /