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The International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage (BUNKER) is an International treaty listed and administered by the International Maritime Organization, [1] signed in London on 23 March 2001 and in force generally on 21 November 2008. The purpose is to adopt uniform international rules and procedures for ...
The International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage, 1969, renewed in 1992 and often referred to as the CLC Convention, is an international maritime treaty admistered by the International Maritime Organization that was adopted to ensure that adequate compensation would be available where oil pollution damage was caused by maritime casualties involving oil tankers (i.e ...
In the U.S., the Convention is implemented through the Act to Prevent Pollution from Ships (APPS). [1] Under the provisions of the Convention, the United States can take direct enforcement action under U.S. laws against foreign-flagged ships when pollution discharge incidents occur within U.S. jurisdiction. When incidents occur outside U.S ...
The Environmental Health Coalition (EHC) is an organization focused on environmental and social justice in San Diego, California. It was founded in 1980 by Diane Takvorian and Tony Pettina, and includes a staff of 19 other individuals. Its work mainly concerns low income communities and communities of color in San Diego.
Oil Pollution Act of 1973; Long title: An Act to amend the Oil Pollution Act, 1961 (75 Stat. 402), as amended, to implement the 1969 and 1971 amendments to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, 1954, as amended; and for other purposes. Nicknames: Oil Pollution Act Amendments of 1973: Enacted by
Elon Musk’s remarks at the Conservative Political Action Conference on Thursday drew praise from those who were pleased with the cuts being made by the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE).
The California Air Pollution Control District Act of 1947 allowed 1 or more counties to form air pollution districts. [5] [6] The California Bay Area Pollution Control Act of 1955 created the Bay Area Air Pollution Control District. [5] [7] The California Mulford-Carrell Air Resources Act of 1967 resulted in the creation of 11 air basins. [5] [8]
The IMO is an extremely important agency to mention when analyzing maritime environmental crime, as it not only implemented the MARPOL initiative, but it is also the actor that came up with other key conventions and agreements concerning legal frameworks on insurance and post-incident environmental reparations; [28] some of its key initiatives ...