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Four of these orthogons are harmonic rectangles: the diagon or root-2 rectangle is produced by projecting the diagonal of a square; the sixton, hecton or root-3 rectangle is produced by projecting the diagonal of a diagon; the double square or root-4 rectangle is produced by projecting the diagonal of an hecton; the root-5 rectangle is produced ...
This example shows 4 blue edges of the rectangle, and two green diagonals, all being diagonal of the cuboid rectangular faces. In spherical geometry, a spherical rectangle is a figure whose four edges are great circle arcs which meet at equal angles greater than 90°. Opposite arcs are equal in length.
More generally, if the quadrilateral is a rectangle with sides a and b and diagonal d then Ptolemy's theorem reduces to the Pythagorean theorem. In this case the center of the circle coincides with the point of intersection of the diagonals. The product of the diagonals is then d 2, the right hand side of Ptolemy's relation is the sum a 2 + b 2.
If the diagram is further subdivided by perpendicular lines through U and V, the lengths of the diagonal and its subsections can be expressed as trigonometric functions of arguments 72 and 36 degrees, the angles of the golden triangle: Diagonal segments of the golden rectangle measure nested pentagons. The ratio AU:SV is φ 2.
A perfect parallelepiped is a parallelepiped with integer-length edges, face diagonals, and space diagonals. In 2009, dozens of perfect parallelepipeds were shown to exist, [3] answering an open question of Richard Guy. One example has edges 271, 106, and 103, minor face diagonals 101, 266, and 255, major face diagonals 183, 312, and 323, and ...
Orthodiagonal quadrilateral: the diagonals cross at right angles. Equidiagonal quadrilateral: the diagonals are of equal length. Bisect-diagonal quadrilateral: one diagonal bisects the other into equal lengths. Every dart and kite is bisect-diagonal. When both diagonals bisect another, it's a parallelogram.
Every kite is an orthodiagonal quadrilateral, meaning that its two diagonals are at right angles to each other. Moreover, one of the two diagonals (the symmetry axis) is the perpendicular bisector of the other, and is also the angle bisector of the two angles it meets. [1] Because of its symmetry, the other two angles of the kite must be equal.
Any non-self-crossing quadrilateral with exactly one axis of symmetry must be either an isosceles trapezoid or a kite. [5] However, if crossings are allowed, the set of symmetric quadrilaterals must be expanded to include also the crossed isosceles trapezoids, crossed quadrilaterals in which the crossed sides are of equal length and the other sides are parallel, and the antiparallelograms ...