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In biology, a protein filament is a long chain of protein monomers, such as those found in hair, muscle, or in flagella. [1] Protein filaments form together to make the cytoskeleton of the cell. They are often bundled together to provide support, strength, and rigidity to the cell.
The word filament, which is descended from Latin filum meaning "thread", ... Biology. Myofilament, filaments of myofibrils constructed from proteins;
In molecular biology, an axoneme, also called an axial filament, is the microtubule-based cytoskeletal structure that forms the core of a cilium or flagellum. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Cilia and flagella are found on many cells , organisms , and microorganisms , to provide motility.
Certain bacterial species, such as Paraburkholderia elongata, will also filament as a result of a tendency to accumulate phosphate in the form of polyphosphate, which can chelate metal cofactors needed by division proteins. [2] In addition, filamentation is induced by nutrient-rich conditions in the intracellular pathogen Bordetella atropi ...
By definition, the cytoskeleton is composed of proteins that can form longitudinal arrays (fibres) in all organisms. These filament forming proteins have been classified into 4 classes. Tubulin -like, actin -like, Walker A cytoskeletal ATPases (WACA-proteins), and intermediate filaments .
To generate a new filament, Arp2/3 requires a "mother" filament, monomeric ATP-actin, and an activating domain from Listeria ActA or the VCA region of N-WASP. The Arp2/3 complex binds to the side of the mother filament, forming a Y-shaped branch having a 70-degree angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mother filament. Then upon ...
Stamen is the Latin word meaning "thread" (originally thread of the warp, in weaving). [8]Filament derives from classical Latin filum, meaning "thread" [8]; Anther derives from French anthère, [9] from classical Latin anthera, meaning "medicine extracted from the flower" [10] [11] in turn from Ancient Greek ἀνθηρά (anthērá), [9] [11] feminine of ἀνθηρός (anthērós) meaning ...
The protein composition of neurofilaments varies widely across different animal phyla. Most is known about mammalian neurofilaments. Historically, mammalian neurofilaments were originally thought to be composed of just three proteins called neurofilament protein NF-L (low molecular weight; NF-L), NF-M (medium molecular weight; NF-M) and NF-H (high molecular weight; NF-H).